CSMA/CA stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance. The difference between CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA is that with CSMA/CA the transmitting station sends the jamming signal FIRST, then the data frame after sufficient time has passed and all other nodes have sensed the jamming signal.
CSMA/CD is the technique used by Ethernet to control access to the shared medium. Any node may attempt to transmit when it senses the medium is silent. If two nodes transmit simultaneously a collision occurs, both nodes stop transmitting, and then wait a random amount of time before attempting to retransmit.
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